Replace all columns for an existing List Controller

YourListController::extend(function ($controller) {
    if (!$controller->listConfig) {
        $controller->addDynamicProperty('listConfig', 'config_list.yaml');
    }
    $controller->listConfig = $controller->mergeConfig($controller->listConfig, [
        'list' => '$/myAuthor/myPlugin/config/new_columns.yaml'
    ]);
});